zmq_recv(3)
===========


NAME
----
zmq_recv - receive a message from a socket


SYNOPSIS
--------
*int zmq_recv (void '*socket', zmq_msg_t '*msg', int 'flags');*


DESCRIPTION
-----------
The _zmq_recv()_ function shall receive a message from the socket referenced by
the 'socket' argument and store it in the message referenced by the 'msg'
argument. Any content previously stored in 'msg' shall be properly deallocated.
If there are no messages available on the specified 'socket' the _zmq_recv()_
function shall block until the request can be satisfied. The 'flags' argument
is a combination of the flags defined below:

*ZMQ_NOBLOCK*::
Specifies that the operation should be performed in non-blocking mode. If there
are no messages available on the specified 'socket', the _zmq_recv()_ function
shall fail with 'errno' set to EAGAIN.


Multi-part messages
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A 0MQ message is composed of 1 or more message parts; each message part is an
independent 'zmq_msg_t' in its own right. 0MQ ensures atomic delivery of
messages; peers shall receive either all _message parts_ of a message or none
at all.

The total number of message parts is unlimited.

An application wishing to determine if a message is composed of multiple parts
does so by retrieving the value of the _ZMQ_RCVMORE_ socket option on the
'socket' it is receiving the message from. If there are no message parts to
follow, or if the message is not composed of multiple parts, _ZMQ_RCVMORE_
shall report a value of zero. Otherwise, _ZMQ_RCVMORE_ shall report a value of
1, indicating that more message parts are to follow.


RETURN VALUE
------------
The _zmq_recv()_ function shall return zero if successful. Otherwise it shall
return `-1` and set 'errno' to one of the values defined below.


ERRORS
------
*EAGAIN*::
Non-blocking mode was requested and no messages are available at the moment.
*ENOTSUP*::
The _zmq_recv()_ operation is not supported by this socket type.
*EFSM*::
The _zmq_recv()_ operation cannot be performed on this socket at the moment due
to the socket not being in the appropriate state.  This error may occur with
socket types that switch between several states, such as ZMQ_REP.  See the
_messaging patterns_ section of linkzmq:zmq_socket[3] for more information.
*ETERM*::
The 0MQ 'context' associated with the specified 'socket' was terminated.
*ENOTSOCK*::
The provided 'socket' was invalid.
*EINTR*::
The operation was interrupted by delivery of a signal before a message was
available.
*EFAULT*::
The message passed to the function was invalid.


EXAMPLE
-------
.Receiving a message from a socket
----
/* Create an empty 0MQ message */
zmq_msg_t msg;
int rc = zmq_msg_init (&msg);
assert (rc == 0);
/* Block until a message is available to be received from socket */
rc = zmq_recv (socket, &msg, 0);
assert (rc == 0);
/* Release message */
zmq_msg_close (&msg);
----

.Receiving a multi-part message
----
int64_t more;
size_t more_size = sizeof more;
do {
    /* Create an empty 0MQ message to hold the message part */
    zmq_msg_t part;
    int rc = zmq_msg_init (&part);
    assert (rc == 0);
    /* Block until a message is available to be received from socket */
    rc = zmq_recv (socket, &part, 0);
    assert (rc == 0);
    /* Determine if more message parts are to follow */
    rc = zmq_getsockopt (socket, ZMQ_RCVMORE, &more, &more_size);
    assert (rc == 0);
    zmq_msg_close (&part);
} while (more);
----


SEE ALSO
--------
linkzmq:zmq_send[3]
linkzmq:zmq_getsockopt[3]
linkzmq:zmq_socket[7]
linkzmq:zmq[7]


AUTHORS
-------
This manual page was written by the 0MQ community.
